Crop Domestication Transformation from Wild Species to Crop Plants One of the landmarks of human development is the transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to settled agriculture-based societies, the so-called Neolithic Revolution. A key component of this transition was the domestication of wild plant species into cultivated crops capable of supporting higher population densities (Harlan, 1992). […]
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Gamma irradiation The garden in which crop plants are irradiated with gamma rays for mutation breeding, is called gamma garden. In India, the first gamma garden was established in 1959 at the Bose Research Institute, Kolkata and the second one was established at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, in 1960. Several improved crop
Ginkgo biloba This remarkable order of great antiquity is represented in the present age by a sole survivor ginkgo biloba, which by many paleobotanists is regarded as a “living fossil”. It occurred as far back as Triassic period of the Mesozoic age (about 200,000,000 years ago). The order as a whole consists of 16 genera
Vavilov’s Centres of Origin of Cultivated Crop Plants The centre of origin refers to a geographical area where a particular group of organisms (either domesticated or wild) first originated on Earth. Many scientists initially believed that centres of origin and centres of diversity are the same. However, this is not always true. A centre of
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Guttation in plants: Guttation in plants can be defined as the exudation of water droplets from the margin of leaves some plants such as garden nasturtium, tomato, Colocasia etc., watery drops ooze out from the uninjured margins of the leaves where the main vein ends. Guttation takes place usually early in the morning when the
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cinchona tree Despite the rise of synthetic antimalarials like chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, Explore the fascinating cinchona tree, a vital source for malaria treatments with significant medical uses and active compounds. Systematic Position Taxonomic Rank Classification Kingdom Plantae Division Angiosperms Class Dicotyledons Order Gentianales Family Rubiaceae Genus Cinchona Species C. officinalis (noted) Botanical Characteristics Active Compounds Medicinal
Endocytosis Definition: Endocytosis is an energy-dependent process where cells engulf molecules such as proteins by invagination of the plasma membrane, forming vesicles that transport substances into the cell. Most chemical substances important to the cells are large polar molecules that cannot pass through the hydrolpholic plasma membrane by passive means, hence these molecules can enter
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Domestication of crop plants Crop domestication represents a pivotal milestone in human history, marking the transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to settled, agriculture-based civilizations, a period often referred to as the Neolithic Revolution. This transformation involved converting wild plant species into cultivated crops that could sustain larger human populations with more stable food supplies. Crop domestication
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Digitalis plant Digitalis plant is a genus in the family Plantaginaceae. It includes several species, of which the most well-known medicinal plant is D. purpurea, commonly known as foxglove. These plants are native to Europe, parts of Asia. and some areas in North Africa. Digitalis is a herbaceous plant that can grow up to 1.5
Apoptosis, what is apoptosis? Apoptosis (from the Greek words apo = from and ptosis = falling,) is a process of programmed cell death. Cell death can be fundamentally divided into accidental cell death and programmed cell death. Programmed cell death is a genetically controlled cell-intrinsic suicide process that eliminates specific cells. It is essential for controlling cell
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